60.10.020
Methods of foreclosure.

60.10.023
Judicial foreclosure of personal property liens.

60.10.027
Judicial foreclosure of a security interest.

60.10.030
Notice and sale -- Priorities -- Sale procedure -- Surplus -- Deficiency.

60.10.040
Rights and interest of purchaser for value.

60.10.050
Redemption.

60.10.060
Noncompliance with chapter -- Rights of lien debtor.

60.10.070
"Commercially reasonable.

Definitions.
As used in this chapter:
(1) The term "lien debtor" means the person who is obligated, owes payment or other performance. Where the lien debtor and the owner of the collateral are not the same person, the term "lien debtor" means the owner of the collateral.

(2) "Collateral" means the property subject to a statutory lien.

(3) "Lien holder" means a person who, by statute, has acquired a lien on the property of the lien debtor, or such person's successor in interest.

(4) "Secured party" has the same meaning as used in *Article 9 of the Uniform Commercial Code (Title 62A RCW). (RCW 60.10.010)

NOTES:
*Reviser's note: Article 62A.9 RCW was repealed in its entirety by 2000 c 250 § 9A-901, effective July 1, 2001. For later enactment, see Article 62A.9A RCW.
Judicial foreclosure of personal property liens: RCW 60.10.023.

Methods of foreclosure.
Any lien upon personal property, excluded by *RCW 62A.9-104 from the provisions of the Uniform Commercial Code (Title 62A RCW), may be foreclosed by: (1) An action in the district court having jurisdiction in the district in which the property is situated in accordance with RCW 60.10.023, if the value of the claim does not exceed the jurisdictional limit of the district court provided in RCW 3.66.020; or (2) an action in the superior court having jurisdiction in the county in which the property is situated in accordance with RCW 60.10.023, if the value of
the claim exceeds the jurisdictional limit of the district court provided in RCW 3.66.020; or (3) summary procedure as provided in this chapter. (RCW 60.10.020)

NOTES:
*Reviser's note: Article 62A.9 RCW was repealed in its entirety by 2000 c 250 § 9A-901, effective July 1, 2001. For later enactment, see Article 62A.9A RCW.
Effective date -- 1991 c 33: See note following RCW 3.66.020.

Judicial foreclosure of personal property liens.
The provisions of chapter 61.12 RCW, so far as they are applicable, govern in actions for the judicial foreclosure of liens on personal property excluded by *RCW 62A.9-104 from the provisions of the Uniform Commercial Code, Title 62A RCW. The lien holder may proceed on the lien; and if there is a separate obligation secured by the lien, the lienholder may bring suit on the obligation. If the lienor proceeds on the obligation, the court shall, in addition to entering a decree foreclosing the lien, render judgment for the amount due on the obligation. The decree shall direct the sale of the lien property, and if there is a judgment on an obligation and the proceeds of the sale are insufficient to satisfy the judgment, the sheriff is authorized to proceed under the same execution and levy on and sell other property of the lien debtor, not exempt from execution, for the sum remaining unsatisfied.

Redemption rights and the rights and interest of a purchaser for value under this section are governed by RCW 60.10.040 and 60.10.050. (RCW 60.10.023)
NOTES:
*Reviser's note: Article 62A.9 RCW was repealed in its entirety by 2000 c 250 § 9A-901, effective July 1, 2001. For later enactment, see Article 62A.9A RCW.

Judicial foreclosure of a security interest.
The provisions of chapter 61.12 RCW, so far as they are applicable, shall also be available to a secured party seeking to enforce a security interest by judicial proceedings as authorized by *RCW 62A.9-501(1). In such a proceeding, the court shall enter a judgment foreclosing the security interest and shall render judgment for the amount due on the secured obligation. The decree shall direct the sale of property that is subject to the foreclosed security interest and is within the court's jurisdiction, and if the proceeds of sale are insufficient to satisfy the judgment, the sheriff is authorized to proceed under the same execution and levy on other property of the judgment debtor, not exempt from execution, for the sum remaining unsatisfied.

The rights and interest of a purchaser for value are governed by RCW 60.10.040 except as otherwise provided in Title 62A RCW. (RCW 60.10.027)

NOTES:
*Reviser's note: Article 62A.9 RCW was repealed in its entirety by 2000 c 250 § 9A-901, effective July 1, 2001. For later enactment, see Article 62A.9A RCW.

Notice and sale -- Priorities -- Sale procedure -- Surplus -- Deficiency.
(1) A lien foreclosure authorized by RCW 60.10.020 may be summarily foreclosed by notice and sale as provided herein. The lien holder may sell, or otherwise dispose of the collateral in its then condition or following any commercially reasonable preparation or processing. The proceeds of disposition shall be applied in the order following to
(a) the reasonable expenses of retaking, holding,preparing for sale, selling and the like and, to the extentprovided for in the agreement and not prohibited by law, the reasonable attorneys' fees and legal expenses incurred by the secured party;

(b) the satisfaction of indebtedness secured by the lien under which the disposition is made;

(c) the satisfaction of indebtedness secured by any subordinate security interest in the collateral if written notification of demand therefor is received before distribution of the proceeds is completed. If requested by the lien holder, the holder of a subordinate security interest must seasonably furnish reasonable proof of his interest, and unless he does so, the lien holder need not comply with his demand.
(2) The lien holder must account to the lien debtor for any surplus, and, unless otherwise agreed, the lien debtor is not liable for any deficiency.

(3) Disposition of the collateral may be by public or private proceedings and may be made by way of one or more contracts. Sale or other disposition may be as a unit or in parcels and at any time and place and on any terms but every aspect of the disposition including the method,manner, time, place and terms must be commercially reasonable which shall be construed as provided in RCW 60.10.070. Unless collateral is perishable or threatens to decline speedily in value or is of a type customarily sold on a recognized market, reasonable notification of the time and place of any public sale or reasonable notification of the time after which any private sale or other intended disposition is to be made shall be sent by the lien holder to the lien debtor, and except in the case of consumer goods to any other person who has a security interest in the collateral and who has duly filed a financing statement indexed in the name of the lien debtor in this state or who is known by the lien holder to have a security interest in the collateral. The lien holder may buy at any public sale and if the collateral is of a type customarily sold in a recognized market or is of a type which is the subject of widely distributed standard price quotations he may buy at private sale. (RCW 60.10.030)

Rights and interest of purchaser for value.
When a lien is foreclosed in accordance with the provisions of this chapter, the disposition transfers to a purchaser for value all of the lien debtor's rights therein,discharges the lien under which it is made and any security interest or lien subordinate thereto. The purchaser takes free of all such rights and interests even though the lien holder fails to comply with the requirements of this chapter:
(1) In the case of a public sale, if the purchaser has no knowledge of any defects in the sale and if he does not buy in collusion with the lien holder, other bidders or the person conducting the sale; or

(2) In any other case, if the purchaser acts in good faith. (RCW 60.10.040)

Redemption.
At any time before the lien holder has disposed of collateral or entered into a contract for its disposition under this chapter, the lien debtor or any other secured party may redeem the collateral by tendering fulfillment of all obligations to the holder that are secured by the collateral as well as the expenses reasonably incurred by the lien holder in holding and preparing the collateral for disposition, in arranging for the sale, and for reasonable attorneys' fees and legal expenses. (RCW 60.10.050)

Noncompliance with chapter -- Rights of lien debtor.
If it is established that the lien holder is not proceeding in accordance with the provisions of this chapter disposition may be ordered or restrained on appropriate terms and conditions. If the disposition has occurred the lien debtor or any person entitled to notification or whose security interest has been made known to the lien holder prior to the disposition has a right to recover from the lien holder any loss caused by a failure to comply with the provisions of this chapter. The lien debtor has a right to recover in any event an amount not less than ten percent of the original lien claimed. (RCW 60.10.060)

"Commercially reasonable."
As used in this chapter, "commercially reasonable" shall be construed in a manner consistent with the following:

The fact that a better price could have been obtained by a sale at a different time or in a different method from that selected by the lien holder is not of itself sufficient to establish that the sale was not made in a commercially reasonable manner. If the lien holder either sells the collateral in the usual manner in any recognized market therefor or if he sells at the price current in such market at the time of his sale or if he has otherwise sold in conformity with reasonable commercial practices among dealers in the type of property sold he has sold in a commercially reasonable manner. A disposition which has been approved in any judicial proceeding or by any bona fide creditors' committee or representative of creditors shall conclusively be deemed to be commercially reasonable, but this sentence does not indicate that any such approval must be obtained in any case nor does it indicate that any disposition not so approved is not commercially reasonable. (RCW 60.10.070)                                                                    

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